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VCE History (Modern History) Area of Study 1: Ideology & Conflict: Interwar Period: Versailles & League of Nations

Interwar period - America and Russia

Treaty of Versailles

Video: BBC documentary - "The Peacemakers" - an in-depth study of the Versailles Treaty of 1919. It provides some fine insight into the process, the politics, the problems and the impact of that infamous settlement.

Why did Germany sign the Armistice?

What did Europe look like on the verge of World War I? This video redraws the map of Europe from 2014 to 1914 while explaining the differences.

ERRATA

  • Vatican City was established in 1929 and should not appear on the final 1914 map.
  • The central parts of the 1914 German border with Russia are slightly too advanced.
  • Germany in 1914 should also include a very small part of present-day eastern Czechia (the so-called 'Hultschiner ändchen').
  • Spanish Morocco is shown as slightly too large.
  • The Dutch province of Flevoland didn't yet exist in 1914, as it was still under water.
  • The Franco-Italian border is very slightly off, as Italy in 1914 should include some minor areas of France.

Woodrow Wilson's 14-point plan

"Designed as guidelines for the rebuilding of the postwar world, the points included Wilson’s ideas regarding nations’ conduct of foreign policy, including freedom of the seas and free trade and the concept of national self-determination, with the achievement of this through the dismantling of European empires and the creation of new states. Most importantly, however, was Point 14, which called for a “general association of nations” that would offer “mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small nations alike.” When Wilson left for Paris in December 1918, he was determined that the Fourteen Points, and his League of Nations (as the association of nations was known), be incorporated into the peace settlements."

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